Nanotree structure by GLAD process

For the morphological control of nanostructures during bottom-up growth several techniques are used. GLAD Glancing angle deposition (GLAD) is a technique that uses a flow of atoms from gas phase to impinge on a substrate surface under an oblique angle. Physical vapor deposition under conditions of obliquely incident flux and limited atom diffusion results in a film with a columnar microstructure. These columns will be oriented toward the vapor source and substrate rotation can be used to sculpt the columns into various morphologies. Glancing angle deposition (GLAD) is an advanced bottom-up nanostructuring technique developed by Michael Brett’s group at the University of Alberta, Canada. GLAD provides precision engineering of nanostructures via control over macroscopic geometry during deposition. Deposition modulation allows for real-time fabrication of previously unachievable hybrid architectures during bottom-up growth. For example, with modulation of deposition rate and substrate ori